Memahami Bentuk Kalimat Langsung dan Kalimat Tak langsung dalam Bahasa Inggris
Selamat datang di blog kami, hari ini kami akan berbagi tips bagaimana memahami bentuk kalimat langsung dan kalimat tak langsung dalam Bahasa Inggris, untuk merubah bentuk kalimat
langsung menjadi tak langsung, maka hal pertama yang kita lakukan adalah
mengenali jenis kalimat yang dalam hal
ini dapat berupa;
a.
Pernyataan (Statement)
b.
Perintah ( Imperative/ request)
c.
Pertanyaan ( Questions)
A. Indirect Speech Statement (pernyataan)
Contoh :
1.
Ali says,”I
am a student.”
Ali says that He is a student.
Kalimat
yang tercetak tebal diatas bisa di masukkan menjadi jenis kalimat pernyataan/Statement. Untuk kalimat pernyataan/
statement, maka bisa menambahkan kata “that”.
Pada kalimat pernyataan, pernyataan langsung ( Direct speech) yang akan
diubah menjadi kalimat tak langsung ( Indirect
speech) tidak akan mengalami perubahan tenses jika induk kalimatnya memakai
bentuk:
1)
Present Tense
2)
Present perfect Tense
3)
Future tense.
Hal
itu bisa dilihat dari bentuk Introductory
Verb nya yaitu kata “say”. Kata
tersebut menunjukkan bentuk present tense sehingga tidak akan ada perubahan tenses.
2.
She said,” They
are working.”
She said that they were working.
Jika induk kalimat langsung ( Direct
speech) dalam bentuk past tense,
maka kalimat tak langsung ( Indirect
Speech) akan mengalami perubahan tenses.
3.
Rindu said,” He will study hard tomorrow.”
Rindu said that he would study hard the following day.
4.
He told me,” I have written a
letter.”
He told me that he had written a letter.
5.
He told me,” I would go there if I were
you.”
He told me that he would have gone there if he
had been me
B. Indirect Speech Imperative/ Request (
perintah/ permohonan)
Ada beberapa ketentuan untuk mengungkapkan
suatu perintah atau permohonan dalam kalimat tak langsung.
a.
Menggunakan kata kerja bentuk I ( to infinitive)
b.
Tambahan kata please untuk perintah atau
permintaan yang lebih sopan.
c.
Menggunakan not + to infinitive untuk larangan
d.
Biasanya menggunakan introductory verb seperti
told, ordered, asked, atau commanded
Contoh:
1.
He asked me,” Open the window!”
He asked me to open the window.
2.
He told me,” write quickly.”
He told me to write quickly.
3.
She asked me,” bring my bag.”
She asked me to bring her bag.
C. Indirect Speech Questions ( Pertanyaan)
a.
Pertanyaan diawali dengan menggunakan kata tanya
: who,
what, when, where, etc.
1)
Kata tanya tetap dipakai dalam pertanyaan tak
langsung
2)
Susunan kalimat dengan menggunakan kalimat
pernyataan, bukan kalimat pertanyaan.
3)
Perubahan tenses tergantung dari bentuk
introductory verbs nya.
Contoh:
1.
Rendra said to Ani,” where are you going?”
Rendra said to Ani where she was going.
2.
Maria asked me,” where is your bike?”
Maria asked me where my bike was.
3.
He wanted to know,” How did you do this?”
He wanted to know how I had done that.
b.
Pertanyaan tanpa menggunakan kata tanya
1)
Penggunaan if
atau whether dalam pernyataan tak
langsung.
2)
Susunan pertanyaan menggunakan susunan kalimat
pernyataan ( statement)
Contoh:
1.
John asked me,” can you help me?”
John asked me if ( whether) I could help him.
2.
She asked me,” Do you have an idea?”
She asked me if( whether) I had an idea.
3.
He asked me, “ are you very busy?”
He asked me if ( whether) was very busy.
D. Exclamation and Yes and No Answer
a.
Exclamation ( seruan, heran, kagum) harus
menjadi suatu pernyataan dalam indirect speech.
Contoh:
1.
He said,” what a beautiful hair she has!”
He said that she had a beautiful hair.
2.
She said,” how wonderful you are!”
She said that you were wonderful.
3.
She said,” what a dreadful thing!”
She said that it was a
dreadful thing.
Namun ada beberapa
pengecualian.
1.
He said, “ thank you.”
He thanked me.
2.
He said,” congratulations!”
He congratulated me.
b.
Yes and No dinyatakan dalam indirect speech
dengan :
Subject + auxiliary verb ( modal)
Contoh:
1.
He said,” Can you swim?”
He asked me if I could swim and I said that I couldn’t.
2.
He said,” will you have time to do it?” and I
said ,”Yes.”
He said if I would have time to do it and
I said that I would.
E. Offers ( menawarkan)
1.
“shall I bring you some tea?”
He offered me to bring
some tea.
2.
“would you like to accompany me to go to the
cinema?”
She offered me to accompany her to go to
the cinema.
F. Let’s
Let’s biasanya menyatakan suatu ajakan dan
kemudian menjadi suatu saran dalam indirect speech.
Contoh:
1.
He said,” let’s leave the case at the station.”
He suggested leaving the case at the
station.
He suggested that they/ we should leave
the case at the station.
2.
He said,” let’s stop now and finish it later.”
He suggested stopping then and finish it
later.
He suggested that they/ we should stop
then and finish it later.
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